What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

The first ten amendments to the Constitution are collectively known as the Bill of Rights. This term specifically refers to the amendments ratified in 1791 that were designed to enumerate and protect individual liberties against government infringement. The Bill of Rights includes essential freedoms such as speech, assembly, and religion, as well as rights related to criminal proceedings, ensuring due process, and protections from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment.

The other terms listed do not accurately describe the first ten amendments. While "First Amendments" might imply a focus on the amendments themselves, it does not capture the formal name or the specific historical context of these amendments. "Basic Freedoms" and "Fundamental Rights" are terms that broadly relate to individual liberties but do not specifically refer to the Amendments' legal framework or nomenclature used in constitutional law. Thus, identifying the first ten amendments as the Bill of Rights is essential for understanding their significance in American constitutional history and the protection of civil liberties.